Hierarch10th century

Saint Theodore First Bishop of Rostov and Suzdal

died 1023

Also known as Theodore the Greek of Rostov

A Greek-born bishop sent in the days of St Vladimir to the still-pagan land of Rostov, where he labored amid much opposition to plant the Gospel.

June 8New Calendar

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June 21Old Calendar

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Commemorated as

Our Father among the Saints Theodore, First Bishop of Rostov and Suzdal

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Missionary Work

Life

Theodore was the first bishop of Rostov, a Greek by birth who was sent to the northern lands of Rus' during the era of the Christianization that followed the conversion of Great Prince Vladimir. He is remembered as a missionary hierarch who labored to plant the Gospel among a population that was still largely pagan, and he is commemorated on June 8.

According to the synaxarion, Theodore was consecrated bishop in 991 or 992, in the years following the baptism of Rus'. Rostov at that time lay on the frontier of the newly Christianized realm, and the territory remained predominantly pagan. Theodore devoted himself to instructing and converting the local population, but the inhabitants resisted him: he is said to have suffered many insults and to have been driven away from the city on one occasion.

After facing this hostility in Rostov, Theodore relocated to Suzdal, where the tradition relates that he brought many souls to Christ and enlightened them in the faith. Little is recorded of the final years of his life. He reposed at Suzdal in 1023 after his apostolic labors. His relics are venerated at Suzdal's Cathedral of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, with portions also kept in two other churches of the city.

Kontakion & Troparion2 hymnsReadHide

KontakionTone 3

O most wise Theodore,
your glorious memory shone as a great sun,
by which you give assistance to those who are in trouble,
and who come to you diligently,
by the grace with which Christ has endowed you, unto eternal life.

Text used with permission of the Orthodox Church in America (oca.org).

TroparionTone 8

In prayerful vigil your heart has always ached for your flock,
and by your teachings you have enlightened all, O most wise Theodore;
therefore, on the day of your memorial, entreat Christ God to grant us great mercy.

Text used with permission of the Orthodox Church in America (oca.org).

Timeline3 momentsReadHide

991 or 992Consecrated bishop of RostovTheodore was consecrated the first bishop of Rostov in the years following the baptism of Rus'.
after opposition at RostovMoved to SuzdalDriven from Rostov by the pagan inhabitants, he relocated to Suzdal and continued his missionary work there.
1023Repose at SuzdalTheodore fell asleep in the Lord at Suzdal after his apostolic labors.

Contributions & Legacy

2 contributionsReadHide

Mission to Rostov

Theodore's episcopate belongs to the first generation of the Church in Rus', established after the conversion of Great Prince Vladimir. The Rostov diocese was founded at the end of the tenth century, dated variously between 990 and 992, and Theodore, a Greek monastic, received appointment as its inaugural bishop. By one account he set about building a wooden church dedicated to the Dormition of the Virgin Mary. As the first bishop of Rostov he confronted a region where Christianity had not yet taken root, and the sources present his work there as missionary in character rather than the administration of an already-Christian flock.

The sources record that the pagan inhabitants of Rostov met the hierarch with hostility, offering him many insults and on one occasion driving him from the city. This opposition led him to withdraw to Suzdal, a transfer that gives him his double title as bishop of Rostov and Suzdal.

Repose and Relics

Theodore reposed at Suzdal in 1023. The synaxarion notes that little is known of the last years of his life. His relics are enshrined in the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos at Suzdal, and portions of them are kept in two other churches of the city, that of the Kazan Icon and that of Saints Constantine and Helen.

Beyond his fixed feast on June 8, Theodore is commemorated among the assembled saints of the regions he served, being honored at the Synaxis of the Saints of Rostov and Yaroslavl on May 23 and at the Synaxis of the Saints of Vladimir on June 23.

Companions1 figureShowHide

First metropolitan of Kiev, who by tradition installed him at Rostov.

Saint MichaelFirst Metropolitan of Kiev

Related Saints3 saintsShowHide

Saints connected to his life, mission, and place in Orthodox tradition.

Same see: Rostov; a later bishop and enlightener of the city, honored with Theodore in the Synaxis of the Saints of Rostov and Yaroslavl.

Saint LeontiusBishop of Rostov

Same see: Rostov; bishop of the city honored in the Synaxis of the Saints of Rostov and Yaroslavl.

Saint Isaiah the WonderworkerBishop of Rostov

Same see: Rostov; bishop of the city honored in the Synaxis of the Saints of Rostov and Yaroslavl.

Saint Ignatius the WonderworkerBishop of Rostov

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Sources: OCA Synaxarion (oca.org), Lives of the Saints